Fragmented AI rules spark cross-border compliance headaches |
Beth George, Giles Pratt, and Lutz Riede, partners at Freshfields, highlight the growing global focus on regulating artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI, in light of its transformative potential and associated risks. While the E.U. leads with its AI Act, a comprehensive framework imposing strict duties and fines of up to €35m ($37m) or 7% of annual turnover, other regions have taken varied approaches. The U.S. relies on a patchwork of state laws, with differing regulatory models in states like Colorado and California, while China, Brazil, and Canada are advancing their AI-specific laws. The authors note that collaboration remains limited. Although safety institutes and a binding AI treaty among the E.U., U.S., and U.K. exist, enforcement mechanisms are weak. Many jurisdictions continue to adapt existing laws or issue guidelines, creating a fragmented and complex regulatory landscape. Businesses face significant challenges in navigating these divergent frameworks. The Freshfields partners emphasize the importance of strong governance structures and flexible leadership to adapt to rapid regulatory changes. They warn that cross-border AI projects must prepare for varied and evolving compliance requirements, as the regulatory landscape continues to develop globally.