Productivity growth slows as hours worked rebound in first quarter |
U.S. labor productivity continued to increase in the first quarter of 2026, though growth slowed as hours worked rebounded, according to new data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Nonfarm productivity, which measures output per hour worked, rose at an annualized rate of 0.8% after a revised 1.6% increase in the fourth quarter of 2025. On a year-over-year basis, productivity climbed 2.9%, marking the strongest annual gain since 2024. The slowdown partly reflected a 0.7% increase in hours worked during the quarter after a decline in the prior period. Unit labor costs, a key measure of what businesses pay workers to produce one unit of output, increased 2.3%. The data suggests companies are continuing to improve efficiency through investments in technology and artificial intelligence, helping offset rising operating costs linked to tariffs and the Iran conflict while reducing inflationary wage pressures. Hourly compensation rose at an annualized 3.1% pace before inflation adjustments, though real worker compensation declined at the start of the year. The Bureau of Labor Statistics said workers’ share of output fell to 54.1%, the lowest level recorded since the series began in 1947.